feat(maven): support toolchains file and active profiles (#2151)

Adds Maven toolchains file (-t) and active profiles (-P) settings, emitted before the goals. They combine with the Maven tool window's profile checkboxes, a configuration's own -t or -P overrides them, and repeated launches do not duplicate them. The settings do not reach jdtls's import: no toolchains file or explicit profile deactivation there.

Co-authored-by: misswell <[email protected]>

crates/ide-build/src/lib.rs

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ pub fn load_linked(
     gradle_settings: &ide_core::settings::GradleSettings,
 ) -> BuildModel {
     let maven = maven::has_projects(root, settings).then(|| {
-        let profiles = sync::maven_profiles(cache_dir);
+        let profiles = settings.profiles(&sync::maven_profiles(cache_dir));
         let repo = maven_repo.or_else(maven::default_local_repo);
         let mut m = maven::load_with_linked(root, repo, &profiles, &settings.linked_projects);
         maven::UnlinkedProjects::from_model(&m, settings).filter(&mut m);
@@ -222,6 +222,30 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(gradle_external_roots(&root, &temp.path().join("cache"), &settings).is_empty());
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn settings_profiles_and_checkbox_choices_control_modules_before_sync() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let root = tmp.path();
+        std::fs::create_dir(root.join("extra")).unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(root.join("extra/pom.xml"), "<project><artifactId>extra</artifactId></project>").unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(
+            root.join("pom.xml"),
+            r#"<project><artifactId>root</artifactId><packaging>pom</packaging>
+            <profiles><profile><id>extra</id><modules><module>extra</module></modules></profile></profiles></project>"#,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let cache = root.join("cache");
+        let settings = ide_core::settings::MavenSettings { active_profiles: "extra".into(), ..Default::default() };
+        let modules = |settings: &ide_core::settings::MavenSettings| {
+            load_linked(root, &cache, None, settings, &Default::default()).maven.unwrap().projects[0].modules.clone()
+        };
+        assert!(modules(&Default::default()).is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(modules(&settings), ["extra/pom.xml"]);
+        assert_eq!(maven::load_linked(root, &settings).projects[0].modules, ["extra/pom.xml"]);
+        save_maven_profiles(&cache, &["!extra".into()]).unwrap();
+        assert!(modules(&settings).is_empty());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn detects_build_systems_and_build_files() {
         let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();

crates/ide-build/src/maven.rs

@@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@ pub fn load(root: &Path) -> MavenModel {
 
 /// [`load`] with the POMs `settings` link (Add Maven Projects).
 pub fn load_linked(root: &Path, settings: &ide_core::settings::MavenSettings) -> MavenModel {
-    load_with_linked(root, default_local_repo(), &[], &settings.linked_projects)
+    load_with_linked(root, default_local_repo(), &settings.profiles(&[]), &settings.linked_projects)
 }
 
 pub(crate) fn load_with_repo(root: &Path, local_repo: Option<PathBuf>) -> MavenModel {

crates/ide-build/src/sync.rs

@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ pub fn sync_maven(
     let mut model = maven::load_with_linked(
         root,
         maven::default_local_repo(),
-        &options.profiles,
+        &options.maven_settings.profiles(&options.profiles),
         &options.maven_settings.linked_projects,
     );
     maven::UnlinkedProjects::from_model(&model, &options.maven_settings).filter(&mut model);

crates/ide-core/src/settings.rs

@@ -926,6 +926,8 @@ pub struct MavenSettings {
     pub home: String,
     /// User `settings.xml` (`-s`); empty = `~/.m2/settings.xml`.
     pub user_settings: String,
+    /// Toolchains file (`-t`); empty = `~/.m2/toolchains.xml`.
+    pub toolchains: String,
     /// Local repository (`-Dmaven.repo.local`); empty = from `settings.xml`.
     pub local_repository: String,
     /// Run Maven through the Maven Daemon (`mvnd`) for faster builds. mvnd embeds
@@ -937,9 +939,25 @@ pub struct MavenSettings {
     /// Thread count of Maven builds (`-T`): a number of threads (`4`) or a core
     /// multiplier (`2C`, `2.5C`); empty = Maven's default (one thread per module).
     pub threads: String,
+    /// Active Maven profiles (`-P`), comma-separated; empty leaves profiles to the POM/settings.
+    pub active_profiles: String,
 }
 
 impl MavenSettings {
+    /// Settings profiles followed by the Maven tool window's choices.
+    pub fn profiles(&self, choices: &[String]) -> Vec<String> {
+        let mut profiles = Vec::new();
+        for profile in self.active_profiles.split(',').chain(choices.iter().map(String::as_str)).map(str::trim) {
+            if !profile.is_empty() && !profiles.iter().any(|p| p == profile) {
+                profiles.push(profile.to_owned());
+            }
+        }
+        let excluded: Vec<String> =
+            profiles.iter().filter_map(|p| p.strip_prefix(['!', '-']).map(str::to_owned)).collect();
+        profiles.retain(|p| !excluded.contains(p));
+        profiles
+    }
+
     /// The `-T` value when it is one Maven accepts: a thread count (`4`) or a
     /// core multiplier with an optional decimal fraction (`1C`, `2.5C`).
     /// Anything else is dropped: a bad `-T` would make every Maven run fail.
@@ -1399,6 +1417,24 @@ mod maven_linkage_tests {
         assert_eq!(threads("2..5C").as_deref(), None);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn maven_profiles_combine_settings_and_tool_window_choices() {
+        let settings = MavenSettings { active_profiles: " a, b, ,a ".into(), ..Default::default() };
+        assert_eq!(settings.profiles(&["!b".into(), "c".into(), "a".into()]), ["a", "!b", "c"]);
+        let settings = MavenSettings { active_profiles: "!a".into(), ..Default::default() };
+        assert_eq!(settings.profiles(&["a".into()]), ["!a"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn maven_profiles_and_toolchains_round_trip_and_default_to_empty() {
+        let old: MavenSettings = serde_json::from_str(r#"{"home":"/opt/maven"}"#).unwrap();
+        assert!(old.toolchains.is_empty() && old.active_profiles.is_empty());
+        let settings =
+            MavenSettings { toolchains: "config files/toolchains.xml".into(), active_profiles: "a,b,!c".into(), ..old };
+        let encoded = serde_json::to_string(&settings).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(serde_json::from_str::<MavenSettings>(&encoded).unwrap(), settings);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn thread_count_round_trips_and_defaults_to_empty() {
         // Old settings files predate the thread count; `serde(default)` keeps them loadable.

crates/ide-sdk/src/apply.rs

@@ -408,33 +408,34 @@ pub fn gradle_env(
 }
 
 /// Maven options from settings, placed before the goals: `-s <settings.xml>`,
-/// `-Dmaven.repo.local=<dir>` and `-T <count>` (the thread count).
+/// `-t <toolchains.xml>`, `-Dmaven.repo.local=<dir>`, `-T <count>` and `-P <profiles>`.
 pub fn maven_options(root: &Path, s: &Settings) -> Vec<String> {
     let m = &s.languages.java.maven;
     let mut out = Vec::new();
     if let Some(file) = setting_path(root, &m.user_settings) {
         out.extend(["-s".to_owned(), file.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
     }
+    if let Some(file) = setting_path(root, &m.toolchains) {
+        out.extend(["-t".to_owned(), file.to_string_lossy().into_owned()]);
+    }
     if let Some(dir) = setting_path(root, &m.local_repository) {
         out.push(format!("-Dmaven.repo.local={}", dir.to_string_lossy()));
     }
     if let Some(threads) = m.thread_count() {
         out.extend(["-T".to_owned(), threads.to_owned()]);
     }
+    if let Some(profiles) = non_empty(&m.active_profiles) {
+        out.extend(["-P".to_owned(), profiles.to_owned()]);
+    }
     out
 }
 
 fn maven_settings_prefixes(args: &[String]) -> Vec<usize> {
     let mut prefixes = vec![0];
     let mut i = 0;
-    while let Some(arg) = args.get(i) {
-        if (arg == "-s" || arg == "-T") && args.get(i + 1).is_some() {
-            i += 2;
-        } else if arg.starts_with("-Dmaven.repo.local=") {
-            i += 1;
-        } else {
-            break;
-        }
+    while i < args.len() {
+        let Some(n) = maven_option_len(&args[i..]) else { break };
+        i += n;
         prefixes.push(i);
     }
     prefixes
@@ -1110,43 +1111,62 @@ fn is_python_command(cmd: &str) -> bool {
 
 const PY_RUNNERS: [&str; 3] = ["uv", "poetry", "pdm"];
 
-/// [`maven_options`] as the groups they are passed in (`-s <file>`, `-Dmaven.repo.local=…`,
-/// `-T <count>`).
+fn maven_option_flag(arg: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
+    for (short, long) in
+        [("-s", "--settings"), ("-t", "--toolchains"), ("-T", "--threads"), ("-P", "--activate-profiles")]
+    {
+        if arg.starts_with(short) || arg == long || arg.starts_with(&format!("{long}=")) {
+            return Some(short);
+        }
+    }
+    arg.starts_with("-Dmaven.repo.local=").then_some("-Dmaven.repo.local")
+}
+
+fn maven_option_len(args: &[String]) -> Option<usize> {
+    let arg = args.first()?;
+    maven_option_flag(arg)?;
+    let separate = matches!(
+        arg.as_str(),
+        "-s" | "--settings" | "-t" | "--toolchains" | "-T" | "--threads" | "-P" | "--activate-profiles"
+    );
+    Some(if separate { 2.min(args.len()) } else { 1 })
+}
+
+/// [`maven_options`] grouped with each option's value.
 fn maven_option_groups(options: &[String]) -> Vec<&[String]> {
     let mut groups = Vec::new();
     let mut i = 0;
     while i < options.len() {
-        let n = if options[i] == "-s" || options[i] == "-T" { 2.min(options.len() - i) } else { 1 };
+        let n = maven_option_len(&options[i..]).unwrap_or(1);
         groups.push(&options[i..i + n]);
         i += n;
     }
     groups
 }
 
-/// Whether `args` set what `group` sets: a user settings file, the local
-/// repository, or the thread count.
+/// Whether the configuration sets the same option, including attached and long forms.
 fn sets_maven_option(args: &[String], group: &[String]) -> bool {
-    match group.first().map(String::as_str) {
-        Some("-s") => args.iter().any(|a| a == "-s" || a == "--settings" || a.starts_with("--settings=")),
-        // `-T 4`, `--threads 4`, `-T4` and `--threads=4` all set the thread count.
-        Some("-T") => args.iter().any(|a| {
-            a == "-T" || a == "--threads" || a.starts_with("--threads=") || (a.starts_with("-T") && a.len() > 2)
-        }),
-        Some(flag) => {
-            let key = flag.split_once('=').map_or(flag, |(k, _)| k);
-            args.iter().any(|a| a.split_once('=').map_or(a.as_str(), |(k, _)| k) == key)
-                || args
-                    .windows(2)
-                    .any(|a| a[0] == "-D" && format!("-D{}", a[1].split('=').next().unwrap_or_default()) == key)
-        }
-        None => true,
-    }
+    let Some(flag) = group.first().and_then(|a| maven_option_flag(a)) else { return true };
+    args.iter().any(|a| maven_option_flag(a) == Some(flag))
+        || (flag == "-Dmaven.repo.local"
+            && args.windows(2).any(|a| a[0] == "-D" && a[1].starts_with("maven.repo.local=")))
 }
 
-/// Settings › Maven's options ahead of the goals, each unless the configuration sets it itself.
-fn add_maven_options(args: &mut Vec<String>, options: &[String]) {
-    let missing: Vec<String> =
-        maven_option_groups(options).into_iter().filter(|g| !sets_maven_option(args, g)).flatten().cloned().collect();
+/// Settings options precede the goals. Tool-window checkbox profiles are additive;
+/// profiles explicitly typed in the configuration replace the Settings profiles.
+fn add_maven_options(args: &mut Vec<String>, options: &[String], additive_profiles: bool) {
+    let missing: Vec<String> = maven_option_groups(options)
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|g| {
+            if additive_profiles && g[0] == "-P" {
+                !args.windows(g.len()).any(|w| w == *g)
+            } else {
+                !sets_maven_option(args, g)
+            }
+        })
+        .flatten()
+        .cloned()
+        .collect();
     args.splice(0..0, missing);
 }
 
@@ -1315,7 +1335,11 @@ pub fn apply_to_run_configs(configs: &mut [RunConfig], root: &Path, s: &Settings
                 {
                     c.command = mvn.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
                 }
-                add_maven_options(&mut c.args, &mvn_options);
+                let additive_profiles = generated_maven_goal(c)
+                    && c.id.split_once(".xml:").is_some_and(|(_, goals)| {
+                        !goals.split_whitespace().any(|a| maven_option_flag(a) == Some("-P"))
+                    });
+                add_maven_options(&mut c.args, &mvn_options, additive_profiles);
             }
             _ => {}
         }

crates/ide-sdk/src/maven_profiles.rs

@@ -12,15 +12,15 @@ use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 const PREFIX: &str = "jdtls-maven-settings-";
 
 /// Points jdtls at a user `settings.xml` activating `profiles` (`-P` entries of the
-/// last Maven sync), written to `dir`. Through `settings`, so a running server
+/// last Maven sync), combined with Settings profiles and written to `dir`. Through `settings`, so a running server
 /// re-imports its Maven projects instead of restarting. `!id` entries can't be
 /// expressed in `settings.xml` and are left to the POMs' own activation.
 pub fn configure_jdtls(cfg: &mut LanguageServerConfig, root: &Path, s: &Settings, profiles: &[String], dir: &Path) {
     if cfg.name != "jdtls" {
         return;
     }
-    let active: Vec<&str> =
-        profiles.iter().map(|p| p.trim()).filter(|p| !p.is_empty() && !p.starts_with('!')).collect();
+    let profiles = s.languages.java.maven.profiles(profiles);
+    let active: Vec<&str> = profiles.iter().map(String::as_str).filter(|p| !p.starts_with(['!', '-'])).collect();
     let Some(file) = (!active.is_empty()).then(|| write_settings(root, s, &active, dir)).flatten() else {
         remove_generated(dir, None);
         return;
@@ -192,6 +192,30 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(with_active_profiles("<settings></settings>", &["a&b"]).unwrap().contains("a&amp;b"));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn jdtls_combines_settings_profiles_and_checkbox_choices() {
+        let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let mut s = Settings::default();
+        s.languages.java.maven.user_settings = "config files/settings.xml".into();
+        s.languages.java.maven.active_profiles = " a, c, !d, a ".into();
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(tmp.path().join("config files")).unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(tmp.path().join("config files/settings.xml"), "<settings><mirrors/></settings>").unwrap();
+        let mut cfg = jdtls();
+        configure_jdtls(&mut cfg, tmp.path(), &s, &["b".into(), "!c".into(), "d".into()], &tmp.path().join("cache"));
+        let text = std::fs::read_to_string(user_settings(&cfg).unwrap()).unwrap();
+        assert!(text.contains("<mirrors/>"));
+        assert_eq!(text.matches("<activeProfile>a</activeProfile>").count(), 1);
+        assert!(text.contains("<activeProfile>b</activeProfile>"));
+        assert!(!text.contains("<activeProfile>c</activeProfile>"));
+        assert!(!text.contains("<activeProfile>d</activeProfile>"));
+
+        let mut cfg = jdtls();
+        configure_jdtls(&mut cfg, tmp.path(), &s, &[], &tmp.path().join("cache"));
+        let text = std::fs::read_to_string(user_settings(&cfg).unwrap()).unwrap();
+        assert!(text.contains("<activeProfile>a</activeProfile>"));
+        assert!(text.contains("<activeProfile>c</activeProfile>"));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn jdtls_imports_with_the_synced_profiles() {
         let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();

crates/ide-sdk/src/tests.rs

@@ -343,20 +343,27 @@ fn project_jdk_and_maven_settings() {
     s.languages.java.jdk = "jdk17/bin/java".into();
     s.languages.java.maven.home = maven.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
     s.languages.java.maven.user_settings = "/m2/settings.xml".into();
+    s.languages.java.maven.toolchains = "/m2/toolchains.xml".into();
     s.languages.java.maven.local_repository = "/m2/repo".into();
     assert_eq!(project_jdk(tmp.path(), &s).map(|j| j.major), Some(17));
     assert_eq!(maven_command(tmp.path(), &s), Some(maven.join("bin/mvn")));
-    assert_eq!(maven_options(tmp.path(), &s), ["-s", "/m2/settings.xml", "-Dmaven.repo.local=/m2/repo"]);
+    assert_eq!(
+        maven_options(tmp.path(), &s),
+        ["-s", "/m2/settings.xml", "-t", "/m2/toolchains.xml", "-Dmaven.repo.local=/m2/repo"]
+    );
 
     let mut configs = vec![run("maven", "./mvnw", &["package"]), run("gradle", "./gradlew", &["build"])];
     apply_to_run_configs(&mut configs, tmp.path(), &s);
     let home = project_jdk(tmp.path(), &s).unwrap().home.to_string_lossy().into_owned();
     assert_eq!(configs[0].command, maven.join("bin/mvn").to_string_lossy());
-    assert_eq!(configs[0].args, ["-s", "/m2/settings.xml", "-Dmaven.repo.local=/m2/repo", "package"]);
+    assert_eq!(
+        configs[0].args,
+        ["-s", "/m2/settings.xml", "-t", "/m2/toolchains.xml", "-Dmaven.repo.local=/m2/repo", "package"]
+    );
     assert_eq!(configs[0].env["JAVA_HOME"], home);
     assert_eq!(configs[1].env["JAVA_HOME"], home);
     apply_to_run_configs(&mut configs, tmp.path(), &s);
-    assert_eq!(configs[0].args.len(), 4, "applied once");
+    assert_eq!(configs[0].args.len(), 6, "applied once");
 
     s.languages.java.jdk = "missing".into();
     assert_eq!(project_jdk(tmp.path(), &s), None);
@@ -448,6 +455,122 @@ fn maven_daemon_uses_the_runner_jre_version() {
     }
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn maven_options_carry_active_profiles_into_the_command_line() {
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let mut s = Settings::default();
+    s.languages.java.maven.active_profiles = "dev, integration".into();
+    assert_eq!(maven_options(tmp.path(), &s), ["-P", "dev, integration"]);
+    s.languages.java.maven.active_profiles = "  ".into();
+    assert!(maven_options(tmp.path(), &s).is_empty());
+
+    // A run configuration's own -P wins; repeated application does not duplicate the settings group.
+    s.languages.java.maven.active_profiles = "dev".into();
+    let mut configs = vec![run("maven", "./mvnw", &["package"])];
+    apply_to_run_configs(&mut configs, tmp.path(), &s);
+    assert_eq!(configs[0].args, ["-P", "dev", "package"]);
+    apply_to_run_configs(&mut configs, tmp.path(), &s);
+    assert_eq!(configs[0].args, ["-P", "dev", "package"]);
+    let mut configured = vec![run("maven", "./mvnw", &["-P", "prod", "package"])];
+    apply_to_run_configs(&mut configured, tmp.path(), &s);
+    assert_eq!(configured[0].args, ["-P", "prod", "package"]);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn maven_profile_and_toolchain_overrides_accept_every_option_form() {
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let mut s = Settings::default();
+    s.languages.java.maven.active_profiles = "a".into();
+    s.languages.java.maven.toolchains = "config files/toolchains.xml".into();
+    let toolchains = tmp.path().join("config files/toolchains.xml").to_string_lossy().into_owned();
+    assert_eq!(maven_options(tmp.path(), &s), ["-t", &toolchains, "-P", "a"]);
+    for own in [
+        vec!["-P", "b,!c", "-t", "own file.xml"],
+        vec!["-Pb,!c", "-town file.xml"],
+        vec!["--activate-profiles", "b,!c", "--toolchains", "own file.xml"],
+        vec!["--activate-profiles=b,!c", "--toolchains=own file.xml"],
+    ] {
+        let mut args = own.clone();
+        args.push("test");
+        let mut config = run("maven", "mvn", &args);
+        config.detected = false;
+        for _ in 0..3 {
+            apply_to_run_configs(std::slice::from_mut(&mut config), tmp.path(), &s);
+            assert_eq!(config.args, args, "configuration options win: {own:?}");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn maven_goal_profiles_combine_settings_and_checkboxes_but_keep_explicit_overrides() {
+    use crate::apply::prepare_maven_run;
+
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let mut s = Settings::default();
+    s.languages.java.maven.active_profiles = "a".into();
+    s.languages.java.maven.toolchains = "config files/toolchains.xml".into();
+    let mut config = run("maven", "mvn", &["test", "-Pb,!c"]);
+    config.id = "maven:goal:pom.xml:test".into();
+    config.detected = false;
+    let mut expected = maven_options(tmp.path(), &s);
+    expected.extend(["test".into(), "-Pb,!c".into()]);
+    for _ in 0..3 {
+        prepare_maven_run(&mut config, tmp.path(), &s);
+        assert_eq!(config.args, expected);
+        apply_to_run_configs(std::slice::from_mut(&mut config), tmp.path(), &s);
+        assert_eq!(config.args, expected);
+    }
+    s.languages.java.maven.active_profiles = "new".into();
+    prepare_maven_run(&mut config, tmp.path(), &s);
+    assert_eq!(&config.args[2..], ["-P", "new", "test", "-Pb,!c"]);
+
+    for own in
+        [vec!["-P", "prod"], vec!["-Pprod"], vec!["--activate-profiles", "prod"], vec!["--activate-profiles=prod"]]
+    {
+        let mut args = vec!["test"];
+        args.extend(own);
+        let mut config = run("maven", "mvn", &args);
+        config.id = format!("maven:goal:pom.xml:{}", args.join(" "));
+        config.detected = false;
+        for _ in 0..3 {
+            prepare_maven_run(&mut config, tmp.path(), &s);
+            assert_eq!(&config.args[2..], args);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn maven_launch_refreshes_attached_and_long_settings_prefixes() {
+    use crate::apply::prepare_maven_run;
+
+    let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    std::fs::write(tmp.path().join("pom.xml"), "<project/>").unwrap();
+    let mut s = Settings::default();
+    s.languages.java.maven.active_profiles = "new".into();
+    s.languages.java.maven.toolchains = "new toolchains.xml".into();
+    for prefix in [
+        vec!["-told file.xml", "-Pa"],
+        vec!["--toolchains", "old file.xml", "--activate-profiles", "a"],
+        vec!["--toolchains=old file.xml", "--activate-profiles=a"],
+    ] {
+        for id in
+            ["maven:goal:pom.xml:test", "maven:test", "context:maven:test:ExampleTest", "workspace:abc:maven:test"]
+        {
+            let mut args = prefix.clone();
+            args.push("test");
+            let mut config = run("maven", "mvn", &args);
+            config.id = id.into();
+            config.detected = !id.starts_with("maven:goal:");
+            let mut expected = maven_options(tmp.path(), &s);
+            expected.push("test".into());
+            for _ in 0..3 {
+                prepare_maven_run(&mut config, tmp.path(), &s);
+                assert_eq!(config.args, expected, "{id}: {prefix:?}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn maven_options_carry_the_thread_count_into_the_command_line() {
     let tmp = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();

src/bindings.ts

@@ -5610,6 +5610,8 @@ export type MavenSettings = {
 	home?: string,
 	/**  User `settings.xml` (`-s`); empty = `~/.m2/settings.xml`. */
 	userSettings?: string,
+	/**  Toolchains file (`-t`); empty = `~/.m2/toolchains.xml`. */
+	toolchains?: string,
 	/**  Local repository (`-Dmaven.repo.local`); empty = from `settings.xml`. */
 	localRepository?: string,
 	/**
@@ -5627,6 +5629,8 @@ export type MavenSettings = {
 	 *  multiplier (`2C`, `2.5C`); empty = Maven's default (one thread per module).
 	 */
 	threads?: string,
+	/**  Active Maven profiles (`-P`), comma-separated; empty leaves profiles to the POM/settings. */
+	activeProfiles?: string,
 };
 
 /**  Tools › MCP Server: agents use the IDE's built-in tools. */

src/features/build-tools/model.test.ts

@@ -184,6 +184,19 @@ describe("Maven tree", () => {
 describe("Maven runs", () => {
   const core = maven.projects[1]!;
 
+  it.each([["-P", "prod"], ["-Pprod"], ["--activate-profiles", "prod"], ["--activate-profiles=prod"]])(
+    "keeps explicit Maven profiles %j",
+    (...profiles) => {
+      const goals = ["test", ...profiles];
+      const config = mavenGoalConfig(core, goals, maven, {
+        offline: false,
+        skipTests: false,
+        profiles: { ci: true, dev: false },
+      });
+      expect(config.args).toEqual(goals);
+    },
+  );
+
   it("passes goals, offline, skip tests and changed profiles", () => {
     expect(profilesArg(maven.profiles, {})).toBeNull();
     expect(profilesArg(maven.profiles, { ci: true, dev: false })).toBe("!dev,ci");

src/features/build-tools/model.ts

@@ -455,7 +455,11 @@ export function mavenArgs(
   if (options.offline && !has("-o") && !has("--offline")) args.push("-o");
   if (options.skipTests && !has("-DskipTests")) args.push("-DskipTests");
   const profiles = profilesArg(model.profiles, options.profiles);
-  if (profiles && !args.some((a) => a.startsWith("-P"))) args.push(`-P${profiles}`);
+  if (
+    profiles &&
+    !args.some((a) => a.startsWith("-P") || a === "--activate-profiles" || a.startsWith("--activate-profiles="))
+  )
+    args.push(`-P${profiles}`);
   return args;
 }
 

src/features/settings/__tests__/dialog.test.tsx

@@ -134,6 +134,36 @@ describe("Settings dialog", () => {
     );
   });
 
+  it("persists Maven toolchains and profiles in project settings", async () => {
+    useProject.setState({ project: { root: "/project" } as never });
+    const dialog = await openDialog("build.maven");
+    fireEvent.change(within(dialog).getByLabelText("Toolchains file"), {
+      target: { value: "config files/toolchains.xml" },
+    });
+    fireEvent.change(within(dialog).getByLabelText("Active profiles"), { target: { value: "a, b,!c" } });
+    await act(async () => fireEvent.click(within(dialog).getByRole("button", { name: "Apply" })));
+    expect(settingsSet.mock.calls).toEqual(
+      expect.arrayContaining([
+        ["project", "languages.java.maven.toolchains", '"config files/toolchains.xml"'],
+        ["project", "languages.java.maven.activeProfiles", '"a, b,!c"'],
+      ]),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("finds the Maven active profiles setting", async () => {
+    useProject.setState({ project: { root: "/project" } as never });
+    const dialog = await openDialog("build.maven");
+    fireEvent.change(within(dialog).getByLabelText("Search settings"), { target: { value: "Active profiles" } });
+    expect(within(dialog).getByLabelText("Active profiles")).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it("finds the Maven toolchains setting", async () => {
+    useProject.setState({ project: { root: "/project" } as never });
+    const dialog = await openDialog("build.maven");
+    fireEvent.change(within(dialog).getByLabelText("Search settings"), { target: { value: "Toolchains" } });
+    expect(within(dialog).getByLabelText("Toolchains file")).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
   it("searches pages and highlights matching option labels", async () => {
     const dialog = await openDialog("appearance");
     fireEvent.change(within(dialog).getByLabelText("Search settings"), { target: { value: "soft wrap" } });

src/features/settings/__tests__/languages.test.ts

@@ -48,12 +48,14 @@ describe("languages settings", () => {
       runnerJre: "/opt/jdk-21",
       home: "/opt/maven",
       userSettings: "",
+      toolchains: "",
       localRepository: "",
       unlinkedProjects: [],
       linkedProjects: [],
       daemon: false,
       mvndHome: "/opt/mvnd",
       threads: "2C",
+      activeProfiles: "",
     });
     expect(validateSettings({}).languages).toEqual(DEFAULT_LANGUAGES);
     expect(validateLanguages({ java: { maven: { threads: 4 } } }).java.maven.threads).toBe("");

src/features/settings/languages/LanguagePages.tsx

@@ -494,6 +494,7 @@ export function GradlePage() {
 export function MavenPage() {
   const [daemon, setDaemon] = useSetting<boolean>("languages.java.maven.daemon");
   const [threads, setThreads] = useSetting<string>("languages.java.maven.threads");
+  const [activeProfiles, setActiveProfiles] = useSetting<string>("languages.java.maven.activeProfiles");
   const id = useId();
   return (
     <div className={styles.page}>
@@ -527,6 +528,14 @@ export function MavenPage() {
           file
           hint="Passed as -s (mirrors, servers, proxies)."
         />
+        <PathInput
+          k="languages.java.maven.toolchains"
+          label="Toolchains file"
+          placeholder="~/.m2/toolchains.xml"
+          title="Select Maven toolchains.xml"
+          file
+          hint="Passed as -t; selects the JDKs Maven compiles with."
+        />
         <PathInput
           k="languages.java.maven.localRepository"
           label="Local repository"
@@ -534,6 +543,21 @@ export function MavenPage() {
           title="Select Local Repository"
           hint="Passed as -Dmaven.repo.local."
         />
+        <Row
+          label="Active profiles"
+          htmlFor={`${id}-profiles`}
+          hint="Comma-separated profiles (-P), combined with Maven tool window choices; !id excludes a profile. A run configuration’s own -P replaces these profiles."
+        >
+          <Input
+            id={`${id}-profiles`}
+            mono
+            className={styles.pathInput}
+            value={activeProfiles}
+            placeholder="dev,integration"
+            onChange={(e) => setActiveProfiles(e.target.value)}
+            aria-label="Active profiles"
+          />
+        </Row>
         <Row
           label="Thread count"
           htmlFor={id}

src/platform/languageSettings.ts

@@ -175,6 +175,7 @@ export interface LanguagesValid {
       runnerJre: string;
       home: string;
       userSettings: string;
+      toolchains: string;
       localRepository: string;
       unlinkedProjects: string[];
       linkedProjects: string[];
@@ -182,6 +183,8 @@ export interface LanguagesValid {
       mvndHome: string;
       /** `-T`: a thread count (4) or a core multiplier (2C, 2.5C); empty = Maven's default. */
       threads: string;
+      /** Comma-separated `-P` profiles; empty = POM/settings defaults. */
+      activeProfiles: string;
     };
   };
   /** Preview font size in px; `null` follows the editor font size. */
@@ -242,12 +245,14 @@ export const DEFAULT_LANGUAGES: LanguagesValid = {
       runnerJre: "",
       home: "",
       userSettings: "",
+      toolchains: "",
       localRepository: "",
       unlinkedProjects: [],
       linkedProjects: [],
       daemon: false,
       mvndHome: "",
       threads: "",
+      activeProfiles: "",
     },
   },
   markdown: { previewFontSize: null },
@@ -400,12 +405,14 @@ export function validateLanguages(raw: unknown): LanguagesValid {
         runnerJre: text(maven.runnerJre, d.java.maven.runnerJre),
         home: text(maven.home, d.java.maven.home),
         userSettings: text(maven.userSettings, d.java.maven.userSettings),
+        toolchains: text(maven.toolchains, d.java.maven.toolchains),
         localRepository: text(maven.localRepository, d.java.maven.localRepository),
         unlinkedProjects: folders(maven.unlinkedProjects),
         linkedProjects: folders(maven.linkedProjects),
         daemon: bool(maven.daemon, d.java.maven.daemon),
         mvndHome: text(maven.mvndHome, d.java.maven.mvndHome),
         threads: text(maven.threads, d.java.maven.threads),
+        activeProfiles: text(maven.activeProfiles, d.java.maven.activeProfiles),
       },
     },
     markdown: { previewFontSize: previewSize(markdown.previewFontSize) },

src/platform/locales/text/en.json

@@ -514,5 +514,11 @@
   "Choose the projects to link to this workspace.": "Choose the projects to link to this workspace.",
   "Already linked": "Already linked",
   "Searching for projects…": "Searching for projects…",
-  "Search stopped at the entry limit. More projects may exist; choose a smaller folder to search again.": "Search stopped at the entry limit. More projects may exist; choose a smaller folder to search again."
+  "Search stopped at the entry limit. More projects may exist; choose a smaller folder to search again.": "Search stopped at the entry limit. More projects may exist; choose a smaller folder to search again.",
+  "Toolchains file": "Toolchains file",
+  "Passed as -t; selects the JDKs Maven compiles with.": "Passed as -t; selects the JDKs Maven compiles with.",
+  "Select Maven toolchains.xml": "Select Maven toolchains.xml",
+  "dev,integration": "dev,integration",
+  "Comma-separated profiles (-P), combined with Maven tool window choices; !id excludes a profile. A run configuration’s own -P replaces these profiles.": "Comma-separated profiles (-P), combined with Maven tool window choices; !id excludes a profile. A run configuration’s own -P replaces these profiles.",
+  "Active profiles": "Active profiles"
 }

src/platform/locales/text/zh.json

@@ -3322,7 +3322,7 @@
   "e.g. -Xmx1g -Dkey=value --add-opens java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED": "例如 -Xmx1g -Dkey=value --add-opens java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED",
   "Main class": "主类",
   "e.g. com.example.Application": "例如 com.example.Application",
-  "Active profiles": "活动配置文件",
+  "Active profiles": "活动 profiles",
   "e.g. dev,local": "例如 dev,local",
   "Comma separated; passed as --spring.profiles.active": "以逗号分隔；作为 --spring.profiles.active 传递",
   "Comma separated; passed as -Dspring-boot.run.profiles": "以逗号分隔；作为 -Dspring-boot.run.profiles 传递",
@@ -6850,5 +6850,10 @@
   "Choose the projects to link to this workspace.": "选择要关联到此工作区的项目。",
   "Already linked": "已关联",
   "Searching for projects…": "正在查找项目…",
-  "Search stopped at the entry limit. More projects may exist; choose a smaller folder to search again.": "搜索已达到条目数量上限，可能还有更多项目。请选择较小的文件夹重新搜索。"
+  "Search stopped at the entry limit. More projects may exist; choose a smaller folder to search again.": "搜索已达到条目数量上限，可能还有更多项目。请选择较小的文件夹重新搜索。",
+  "Toolchains file": "Toolchains 文件",
+  "Passed as -t; selects the JDKs Maven compiles with.": "以 -t 传入，用于选择 Maven 编译使用的 JDK。",
+  "Select Maven toolchains.xml": "选择 Maven toolchains.xml",
+  "dev,integration": "开发,集成",
+  "Comma-separated profiles (-P), combined with Maven tool window choices; !id excludes a profile. A run configuration’s own -P replaces these profiles.": "以逗号分隔的 profiles（-P），与 Maven 工具窗口中的选择合并；!id 排除指定 profile。运行配置自身的 -P 会替代这些 profiles。"
 }