feat(terminal): paste clipboard images into remote SSH terminals (#699)

In a remote-project window, pasting a clipboard image into the terminal uploads it to the SSH host that owns the terminal (new term_store_image command over the existing remote RPC) and inserts the POSIX-quoted path after a successful upload, without a newline. Images go to a private per-user terminal-images directory (0700/0600, UUID names, no-follow descriptor-relative writes) and expire after 24 hours on the next upload. Failures notify and insert nothing; text paste and local terminals are unchanged. Images over 20 MiB are rejected in both the frontend and the host.

Co-authored-by: dvictor357 <[email protected]>

src/platform/locales/text/zh.json

@@ -5490,5 +5490,9 @@
   "Invalid .NET project path": ".NET 项目路径无效",
   ".NET launch profile '{profile_name}' is missing or is not a Project profile": ".NET 启动配置“{profile_name}”不存在或不是 Project 类型",
   ".NET output resolution timed out": ".NET 构建产物路径查询超时",
-  ".NET build output is missing; run dotnet build before debugging": ".NET 构建产物不存在，请在调试前运行 dotnet build"
+  ".NET build output is missing; run dotnet build before debugging": ".NET 构建产物不存在，请在调试前运行 dotnet build",
+  "Cannot paste image": "无法粘贴图片",
+  "Remote server does not support image paste.": "远程服务器不支持粘贴图片。",
+  "Clipboard image reading is unavailable.": "无法读取剪贴板图片。",
+  "Image is too large to paste (limit {limit} MB).": "图片过大，无法粘贴（上限 {limit} MB）。"
 }